Who Was Instrumental in Introducing Graffiti to the Art World in Humanities
If you've ever taken an fine art history class or spent time in a fine arts museum, chances are you know a lot about the men who "defined" their mediums. Every bit with other subjects, most of what we acquire well-nigh art history today still centers on white men from Europe and, later, the Usa. In reality, there are and then many more artists of all genders to learn from and capeesh.
Here, nosotros're specifically taking a look at just some of the women who have had lasting impacts on their art forms. From some of the art world's most iconic pioneers to its most unsung heroes, these women artists all had a hand — and, in some cases, still take a manus — in changing the world of fine fine art and how we define it.
Laura Wheeler Waring
Laura Wheeler Waring was an creative person and educator who taught at Cheyney University in Pennsylvania for more than 30 years. Afterwards studying the work of painters like Cézanne and Monet while abroad, she returned to the United States, becoming best known for her portraits of prominent Black Americans, many of which were painted during the Harlem Renaissance.
Cindy Sherman
Photographer Cindy Sherman was part of the Pictures Generation during the 1980s, and is peradventure most well known for her serial of Untitled Film Stills (1977–80) — self-portraits in which Sherman "posed in the guises of various generic female moving picture characters, among them, ingénue, working girl, vamp, and lonely housewife" (via MoMA). In this serial, and those that followed, Sherman used photography to question the media'due south influence over our individual and commonage identities.
Yoko Ono
You might starting time think of Yoko Ono as a musician and activist, but she'southward also an accomplished operation and conceptual creative person. Ono was considered a pioneer in the performance art movement, earning the nickname the "Loftier Priestess of the Happening".
One of her most revered works, Cut Slice, was a performance she get-go staged in Japan; Ono sat on stage in a nice suit and placed scissors in front of her, and, in an act of daring vulnerability, invited audition members to come on stage and cut away pieces of her clothing. "Art is like breathing for me," Ono has said. "If I don't do it, I starting time to choke."
Betye Saar
Before becoming a printmaker and activist, Betye Saar studied design and was employed as a social worker. A printmaking elective changed her entire career trajectory — and, in plough, part of the trajectory of art history.
Saar was role of the Blackness Arts Movement in the 1970s and, through painting and assemblage, critiqued institutionalized racism and the racist stereotypes white people held toward Blackness Americans. "To me the trick is to seduce the viewer," Saar has said. "If you can get the viewer to await at a piece of work of art, and then you might exist able to requite them some sort of message."
Frida Kahlo
It'due south rare to find someone who hasn't at least heard of Frida Kahlo. A self-taught painter from Mexico, she is best known for exploring themes similar expiry and identity through her cocky-portraits. Kahlo oftentimes used assuming, bright colors to create her symbol-rich works, and was regarded as one of the most influential artists of the Surrealist movement.
Yayoi Kusama
Yayoi Kusama started painting at a very young age, just she's also known for her hyper-real sculptures, polka dots, installations, and so much more than. Like many of her peers, Kusama embraced the counterculture of the 1960s, employing nudity in much of her work. Today, she continues to create works for her enduring Mirror/Infinity rooms serial, which use mirrors and lit objects to create a sense of endlessness.
Amy Sherald
Amy Sherald is an American painter and portraitist who depicts Black Americans, oftentimes doing everyday activities — something that became more than mutual in portraiture writ large in the mid-19th century. Odds are that you recognize Sherald'south work — and her signature grayscale peel tones — every bit she was the first Blackness woman to complete a presidential portrait for the Smithsonian's National Portrait Gallery.
Georgia O'Keeffe
Known as the mother of American modernism, you likely acquaintance Georgia O'Keeffe with her paintings of New Mexico's landscapes, flowers, skulls, and, just maybe, the skyscrapers of New York City. In the 1920s, she was the get-go adult female painter to proceeds the respect of the New York art globe, all by painting in her unique manner.
Adrian Piper
Adrian Piper became a pioneering minimalist, feminist, and conceptual creative person in 1970s New York Urban center. She used her work to question society, identity, and racial politics by enervating the audience to face up truths about themselves. She oft challenged people on the streets of New York to gauge her race, socio-economic course, and gender — all while dressed every bit a Black man with a fake mustache and sunglasses, or while wearing compelling statements on her clothes.
Shirin Neshat
Shirin Neshat left Islamic republic of iran in 1974 to study fine art in Los Angeles, California — before the Iran Islamic Revolution took identify. She is best known for her photography, moving-picture show, and video piece of work, much of which explores the relationship between Islam's cultural and religious systems and women. Moreover, Neshat's works often create a sense of solidarity and empowerment.
Jenny Holzer
Every bit a neo-conceptual creative person, Jenny Holzer'southward work focuses on words and ideas, which she puts on ad billboards, projects onto buildings and adds to electronic displays or neon signs.
These works display phrases that act equally meditations on various concepts, such equally trauma, knowledge, and hope. One of her more notable works, I Odour You lot On My Skin, makes the viewer question what kind of sentiment the sentence conveys.
Rebecca Belmore
Much of Rebecca Belmore'southward fine art addresses identity and history — and, in detail, houselessness and the voicelessness of the Starting time Nations People in Canada. As an Anishinaabekwe artist, she works to heighten sensation around the prejudice, violence, and attempted erasure of Ethnic North American culture. In 2005, she was the first Ethnic woman to stand for Canada at the Venice Biennale.
Louise Bourgeois
While a prolific printmaker and painter, Louise Bourgeois is better known for her installation art and sculptures — similar the spider above — which were inspired by her ain experiences and memories. Throughout her career, she created revolutionary works during a time when abstraction and conceptual art were the principal styles shaping the fine art world.
Mickalene Thomas
Heavily influenced past pop culture and popular fine art, Mickalene Thomas oft embellishes her paintings with rhinestones and uses colorful acrylic paints. In her piece of work, Thomas centers Black American women, whom she believes embody power and femininity.
Judy Chicago
Judy Chicago was one of the major figures within the early on Feminist Art movement. As exemplified in her iconic work The Dinner Party, her installation pieces often examine the role of women in history and culture — in the 1970s and before. While at California State University in Fresno, Chicago founded the outset feminist art program in the Usa.
Augusta Savage
Augusta Barbarous was an American sculptor during the Harlem Renaissance who worked toward securing equal rights for Blackness Americans in the arts. In addition to creating breathtaking sculptures, often of Black folks, Savage founded the Savage Studio of Arts and Crafts in Harlem in 1932, and, a few years later, she became the first Black American elected to the National Clan of Women Painters and Sculptors in 1934.
Carolee Schneemann
Known for her provocative performance fine art practices, Carolee Schneemann is considered the progenitor of "body art". (Merely expect upward her almost famous work, Interior Scroll, and you'll see what nosotros hateful.) She used her body to examine women'due south sensuality and liberation from the oppressive artful and social conventions established by our patriarchal society.
Nan Goldin
Famous for her in-the-moment photography, Nan Goldin'due south work challenges traditional power relations. In addition to documenting New York City's queer subculture mail-Stonewall, Goldin explored the HIV/AIDS crisis, opioid epidemic, and LGBTQ+ bodies.
Elaine Sturtevant
Does this await like an Andy Warhol to you lot? Well, that's the idea! Elaine Sturtevant, who went by her terminal proper name professionally, was a conceptual creative person known for her inexact replicas — that is, not-quite-right copies of large-name artists' work.
Some artists and critics encouraged her efforts, while others became quite angry. Nonetheless, Sturtevant used her works to explore the concepts of authorship, originality, and the structure of art culture.
Ruth Asawa
During the 1960s, Ruth Asawa created increasingly complex wire sculptures. A San Francisco-based creative person, Asawa'south last public commission was the Garden of Remembrance at San Francisco State University, which was created to recognize Japanese Americans who were interned during Globe State of war Two.
Catherine Opie
Known for her studio, portrait, and mural photography, Catherine Opie has been a photographer since the historic period of 9. She uses her photography to examine social norms, and, in doing and so, displays various subcultures in formal portraits — but in a fashion that conveys power and respect by evoking traditional Renaissance portraiture.
micha cárdenas
micha cárdenas is an artist, author, theorist, and banana professor who won an Bear upon Award at the Indiecade Festival in 2020 and the Artistic Award from the Gender Justice League in 2016. She believes education is the path to liberation and uses VR and art to address global issues such as racism, gendered violence, and climatic change.
Lee Krasner
Lee Krasner was an Abstract Expressionist painter who also specialized in collaging. Her works capture a spirit of relentless reinvention, from her Cubist drawings and assemblage to her portraits and murals for the Works Progress Assistants (WPA).
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